The Oesophagus
After you chew food it travels down the oesophagus. Chewed food is called a bolus. Food moves down the osesophagus through a process called peristalsis. Peristalas is when circular muscles contract behind the bolus and longitudinal muscles contract ahead of it. It can move the food/water upwards or downwards. For example,when a giraffe bends over to drink,the process of peristalsis, pushes the water up the oesophagus.
The human stomach
Food travels from the oesophagus to the stomach. The stomach islikea large plastic bag that can hold 2-4 litres.The inside of the stomach is lined with holes called gastric pits. Cells in these pits secrete 3 typres of fluid: hydrochloric acid, pepsin and mucous. When it leaves the stomach food is turned intoa creamy like paste called chyme.
For example,when you eat proteins such as beef or lamb, pepsin in your gastric pits breaks down the proteins into amino acids.
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